比本宁顿战役的战略失败更成问题的是它的心理影响。这场失利让英国人感到恐惧和沮丧，这一点在托马斯·安布里对随后那段时期的描述中表现得很明显，他们被迫在哈德逊河东岸一个易受攻击的地方扎营。[5]作为萨拉托加战役的第一场主要战役，美国人和英国人可能都认为这是两支部队相对实力的象征，更具体地说，是叛军是否有能力在决战中击败英国军队。美国的压倒性胜利提供了一个再清楚不过的答案。英国军队在战败后所处的危险和屈辱的露营位置，会进一步增加他们的恐惧，打击他们的士气。这很可能导致了他们的盟友莫霍克人的最终撤离，这肯定会对他们的军事能力产生更有害的影响。同样重要的是，胜利对美国人的心理影响。这是第一次一支民兵部队在整场战争中巧妙而有效地作战，这场战斗使美国人“欢欣鼓舞”，并消除了他们对黑森军队的恐惧。英军在提康德罗加堡和爱德华堡轻松取胜，士气低落，但美军在本宁顿的胜利鼓舞了士气，民兵人数显著增加。[8]中国英语学习网人数的激增可能帮助美国人在随后的弗里曼农场战役中击败了伯戈因的军队，然后在萨拉托加战役中作为一个整体。因此，本宁顿对美军的心理影响极有可能导致了英国的最终失败。通过证明美国人战胜英国,和英国,他们的军队被远离可靠,本宁顿之战给美国战略优势在英国,允许他们赢得弗里曼的农场中,心理优势英国后来增加了他们的胜利在弗里曼的农场,导致他们最终战胜伯戈因的竞选。
悉尼历史学assignment代写 本宁顿战役
Even more problematic than the strategic failure of the Battle of Bennington were its psychological effects. The loss left the British frightened and dejected, evident in Thomas Anburey’s account of the period that followed, and forced them to set up camp in a vulnerable position on the East side of the Hudson River.[5] As the first major battle of the Saratoga Campaign, both the Americans and the British would likely have viewed it as indicative of the relative capabilities of the two forces, and, more specifically, whether the rebels would be able to defeat the British Army in decisive combat. The overwhelming American victory could not have provided a clearer answer. Compounding the psychological blow of the loss, the precarious and humiliating camping position of the British Army following their defeat would have further increased their fear and dampened their morale. This likely contributed to the eventual desertion of their allies the Mohawks,[6] which would surely have had more detrimental effects on their military capabilities.Equally, if not more, important were the psychological effects on the Americans of their victory. The first time a militia unit had fought skillfully and effectively in the whole war, the battle was a source of “great exultation” to the Americans and removed their fear of the Hessian troops.[7] By improving morale, which had been low, due to the easy British victories at forts Ticonderoga and Edward, the American victory at Bennington inspired a notable increase in militia numbers.[8] This surge in numbers likely helped the Americans defeat Burgoyne’s army first at the subsequent Battle of Freeman’s Farm, and then in the Saratoga Campaign as a whole. Thus, it is highly probable that the psychological effects of Bennington on the American forces contributed to the ultimate British failure.By proving to the Americans that victory over the British was possible, and to the British that their army was far from infallible, the Battle of Bennington gave the Americans a strategic advantage over the British that allowed them to win the Battle of Freeman’s Farm, psychological advantage over the British that was increased by their later victory at Freeman’s Farm and contributed to their ultimate victory over Burgoyne’s campaign.
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