南十字星论文代写:儿童社会功能的预测因子

南十字星论文代写:儿童社会功能的预测因子

父母参与儿童的社会功能的作用早已被记录在案。然而，儿童健康的做法，父母教养行为和社会功能之间的联系，特别是在儿童中的儿童之间的联系是有限的。因此，本研究的主要目的是确定的预测的父母和健康相关的因素对儿童的社会功能。一个小学共有454名学生，年龄在10岁至12岁之间，是从乔治敦15所学校，吉隆坡和新山。样品采用多级整群抽样的方法，选取与大小成比例的概率抽样法（PPS）。分层回归分析的结果表明，更多的参与母亲的孩子更可能报告更好的社会福祉，而健康的做法是不是一个显着的预测社会福祉。这些研究结果表明，父母的参与，特别是母亲的参与，发挥了独特的作用，相比，儿童的生活方式在发展儿童的能力，以形成与他人的关系，以及维护的关系。的调查结果的影响进行了讨论和建议，为今后的研究作出。

社会功能对儿童发展的意义在文献中一直强调。一般来说，社会功能是指情感、行为、人际关系、目标和一个个人的长处（汉密尔顿和雷德蒙德，2010）。个人健康的社会功能是为了更好的能力来规范自己的行为相关，建立移情他人，建立在维持社会关系（汉密尔顿和雷德蒙德，2010）。具体而言，实证证据表明，一个健康的社会功能可能会给孩子发展的各个方面的积极影响。例如，积极的社会功能可能与增强的形成与同事关系的能力，提高学习成绩，高自我概念的幸福，自我价值感和归属感，（我们和灰色，2003；伯纳德，斯蒂芬，与乌，2007）。相反，不良的社会功能的儿童易受排斥由于其表现出不足的倾向，imcompetency或worthlesness，缺乏友谊。此外，他们更可能是不受欢迎和被同龄人批评（奈迈耶尔，minderaa，buitelaar，大卫·马利根，哈特曼，和胡克，2008）。

文献指出，儿童社会福利的发展可以用他们的生活方式预测（国家儿童和临床卓越，2008所）。儿童健康生活方式的促进健康的价值观的影响，信仰和实践（佩尔托和佩尔托，1997）。例如，儿童健康促进行为的做法，如锻炼，得到足够的营养和膳食，充足的睡眠（麦克莱恩，Glynn，曹与安莎拉，2004）被发现有积极的社会发展和能够理解别人的情感或意见（伍利& Rubin，2006）。相反，消极的生活实践会阻碍积极的社会福利。过去的研究指出，有害的行为，可能会导致负面的社会功能包括选择健康的食物，生活中久坐的生活方式，而生活在一个紧张的状态（麦克莱恩，Glynn，曹与安莎拉，2004）。作为一种消极的生活方式的结果，孩子们更容易有困难，并保持与他们的同龄人的关系。

南十字星论文代写:儿童社会功能的预测因子

The role of parental involvement in childrens social functioning has long been documented. However, research on the linkage between childrens health practices, parenting behaviour and social functioning, especially among children in middle childhood is limited. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to determine the predictors of parenting and health-related factors on social functioning among children. A total of 454 primary school students, aged between 10 to 12 years old, were selected from 15 schools in Georgetown, Kuala Lumpur and Johor Bahru. The sample was selected using multistage cluster sampling method with probability proportionate to size (PPS) sampling technique. Result from the hierarchical regression analyses indicated that children with more involved mothers were more likely to report better social well-being; while health practices were not a significant predictor for social well-being. These findings implied that parental involvement, especially mother’s involvement played a distinctive role as compared to children lifestyle in developing children’s ability to form relationship with others as well as maintaining the relationship. Implications of the findings are discussed and recommendations for future research are made.

The significance of social functioning on the development of a child had been consistently highlighted in the literature. Generally, social functioning refers to the feelings, behaviour, relationships, goals and personal strengths of an individual (Hamilton & Redmond, 2010). Individual who has healthy social functioning is associated to better capability to regulate their own behaviour, develop empathy for others, and establish while sustaining social relationships (Hamilton & Redmond, 2010). Specifically, empirical evidence has showed that a healthy social functioning may gives a positive effect on various aspect of child development. For instance, positive social funtioning may be linked to enchanced ability to form relationship with peers, improved academic achievement, and high self-concept in terms of happiness, self-worth, and sense of belonging (Weare & Gray, 2003; Bernard, Stephanou, & Urbach, 2007). In contrast, children with poor social functioning is vulnerable to rejection due to their tendency of showing inadequacy, imcompetency or worthlesness, and lack of friendship. In addition, they are more likely to be unpopular and being criticized by their peers (Nijmeijer, Minderaa, Buitelaar, Mulligan, Hartman, & Hoekstra, 2008).

Literature posits that the development of children’s social well-being could be predicted by their lifestyles (National Institute for Children and Clinical Excellence, 2008). Children’s healthy lifestyle are influenced by their health promotion values, beliefs and practice (Pelto & Pelto, 1997). For instance, children who practices health promoting behaviour such as exercising, getting sufficient nutrition in meals, and getting enough sleep (Maclean, Glynn, Cao, & Ansara, 2004) were found to have positive social development and are able to understand the sentiment or opinion of others (Wooley & Rubin, 2006). In contrast, the practice of negative lifestlye will hinder positive social well-being. Past studies have noted that harmful acts that could lead to negative social functioning include choosing unhealthy food range, living a sedentary lifestlye, and living in a stressful condition (Maclean, Glynn, Cao, & Ansara, 2004). As a consequence of negative lifestyle, children are more likely to have difficulties to initiate and maintain relationship with their peers.