术语描述疼痛变得有意识的一个是“伤害感受”(疼痛、pg 18)。伤害感受有四个基本过程:转导、传输、感知、和调制(疼痛、pg 18)。转导在外围开始感觉神经元分布在(疼痛、pg 18)。当发生组织损伤时,由接触引起足够多的机械、热或化学刺激、创伤释放一些物质促进疼痛冲动从外围的运动停止脊髓(疼痛、pg 18)。这激活导致动作电位的产生,也被称为神经冲动(疼痛、pg 19 &生物学12音符)。
第二个伤害感受是传播的过程,它可以分为三个部分(疼痛、pg 22)。首先是脉冲的传播沿感觉纤维的脊髓(疼痛、pg 22)。当轴突的神经冲动的旅行感觉神经元,神经递质是需要继续的冲动在背角神经元的突触间隙(疼痛、pg 22)。这是通过从突触前膜进入突触囊泡释放神经递质(生物学12音符,pg 5)。随着突触间隙神经递质扩散,突触后膜上的受体结合神经递质(生物学12音符,pg 5)。因此,在树突去偏光膜,导致神经冲动传输下神经元(生物学12音符,pg 5)。第二部分是神经冲动的传播从脊髓到脑干和丘脑(疼痛、pg 22)。传播的最后一部分包括脉冲的传播通过丘脑和大脑皮层之间的联系(疼痛、pg 22)。丘脑充当一个中继站,将疼痛冲动中央结构处理疼痛(疼痛、pg 22)。
麦考瑞大学论文代写:伤害感受
The term that describes how pain becomes conscious to one is “Nociception” (Pain, pg 18). There are four basics processes involved in nociception: transduction, transmission, perception, and modulation (Pain, pg 18). Transduction begins at the periphery where sensory neurons are distributed throughout (Pain, pg 18). When tissue damage occurs, cause by exposure to a sufficient amount of mechanical, thermal or chemical stimuli, the trauma releases a number of substances that facilitate the movement of the pain impulse from the periphery end to the spinal cord (Pain, pg 18). This activation leads to the generation of an action potential, also known as the nerve impulse (Pain, pg 19 & Biology 12 Notes).
The second process of the nociception is transmission, it can be separated into three parts (Pain, pg 22). First of which is the transmission of the impulse along the sensory fibers to the level of the spinal cord (Pain, pg 22). When the nerve impulse travels to the axon end of the sensory neurons, the neurotransmitters are needed to continue the impulse across the synaptic cleft to the dorsal horn neurons (Pain, pg 22). This is accomplished by vesicles releasing the neurotransmitters from the presynaptic membrane into synapse (Biology 12 Notes, pg 5). As neurotransmitters diffuse across synaptic cleft, the receptors on postsynaptic membrane bind to the neurotransmitters (Biology 12 Notes, pg 5). As a result, depolarizes the membrane on the dendrite, causing the nerve impulse to be transmitted down the neuron (Biology 12 Notes, pg 5). The second part is the transmission of nerve impulse from the spinal cord to the brain stem and thalamus (Pain, pg 22). The last part of Transmission involves the transmission of impulse through connections between the thalamus and the cortex (Pain, pg 22). The thalamus acts as a relay station, sending the pain impulse to central structures where pain can be processed
您在MQ学习遇到难题了吗？不要纠结了！马上了解 悉尼论文代写 服务 帮您解决学术ASSIGNMENT难题！